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源自@張德浩沒有醉

駕駛艙理念FCTM-AOP-10-20-10

空客飛機(jī)駕駛艙的設(shè)計(jì)通過飛機(jī)操作環(huán)境滿足飛行機(jī)組的操作需求， 同時(shí)保證電傳操縱家族最大的共性。

A320系列飛機(jī)駕駛艙面板布局

頂板 Overhead Panel

遮光板 Glareshield

主儀表板 Main Instrument Panel

中央操縱臺(tái) Pedestal

側(cè)操縱臺(tái) Lateral Consoles

腳蹬 Pedals

設(shè)計(jì)理念FCTM-AOP-10-20-20

OVERHEAD PANEL 頂板

與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相連的系統(tǒng)控制面板是垂直布局的，以便能直接并本能的完成正常/非正常程序。此外，這個(gè)布局的目的是盡可能減少飛行機(jī)組的錯(cuò)誤。

GLARESHIELD 遮光板

遮光板支持自動(dòng)飛行系統(tǒng)(AFS)的短期的策略控制。可以“抬頭”進(jìn)行操縱并對(duì)于兩名飛行員都能容易進(jìn)行操縱。

MAIN INSTRUMENT PANEL 主儀表板

主儀表板主要支持對(duì)于以下功能是必須的顯示組件：

‐ FLY 飛行 (PFD )

‐ NAVIGATE 導(dǎo)航 (ND)

‐ COMMUNICATE 通訊 (DCDU（新飛機(jī)部分選裝）)

‐ MONITOR the various aircraft systems 監(jiān)控各個(gè)飛機(jī)系統(tǒng) (ECAM).

The display units are located in the full and non-obstructed view of both pilots.

顯示組件位于兩名飛行員全部并無遮擋的視野中。

PEDESTAL 中央操縱臺(tái)

中央操縱臺(tái)主要支持以下控制：

‐ 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和推力（發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)主電門，推力手柄）

‐ 飛機(jī)形態(tài)（減速板手柄，襟翼手柄，方向舵配平）

‐ 導(dǎo)航(MCDU, FMS)

‐ 通信(RMP).

風(fēng)擋參考 CCOM/05-020 Clearview Windows

1. fixed windows
2. sliding windows

側(cè)窗操作 參考FCOM/DSC-56-40 Sliding Windows

駕駛艙照明FCOM/DSC-33-10 Cockpit Lighting

駕駛艙通風(fēng)CCOM/02-090 Cockpit Air Conditioning

駕駛艙應(yīng)急設(shè)備

FCOM/DSC-25-10 Flight Deck

FCOM/DSC-25-20 Emergency Equipment

撤離繩 CCOM/05-020 Escape Rope

氧氣FCOM/DSC-35-20 Fixed Oxygen System for Cockpit

FCOM/PRO-NOR-SOP EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT

駕駛艙預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備檢查下列應(yīng)急設(shè)備

‐ 救生衣存放

‐ Xxx stowed

‐ 防煙罩或PBE存放

‐ 便攜滅火瓶保險(xiǎn)在位/壓力綠區(qū)

‐ 氧氣面罩存放

‐ 應(yīng)急手電筒存放

‐ 撤離繩存放

頂板信息索引（按SOP檢查操作順序）

風(fēng)擋雨刷 WIPER 參考 FCOM/DSC-30-60-20 Rain Removal

電源 ELEC 參考 FCOM/DSC-24-20 Electrical

火警 FIRE

參考 FCOM/DSC-26-20-20 Fire Protrction - Engines and APU

參考 FCOM/DSC-31-05-30 Attention - Getters

APU 參考 FCOM/DSC-49-20 APU

空調(diào) AIR COND

參考 FCOM/DSC-21-10 Air Conditioning

參考 FCOM/DSC-36-20 Peneumatic

A320

A321

通風(fēng) Ventilation

參考 FCOM/DSC-21-30 Ventilation

貨艙加溫 CARGO HEAT （選裝）

參考 FCOM/DSC-21-40 Cargo

駕駛艙燈光 INT LT

參考 FCOM/DSC-33-10 Cockpit Lighting

艙音記錄器 RCDR

參考 FCOM/DSC-23-10-40 Cockpit Voice Recorder

參考 FCOM/DSC-31-60-20 FLT Recorders

撤離 EVAC 參考

FCOM/DSC-23-40-10 Emergency Evacuation

ADIRS 參考 FCOM/DSC-34-NAV-10-20 ADIRS

經(jīng)典款

時(shí)尚款

外部照明 EXT LT 參考 FCOM/DSC-33-20-20

旅客通知 SIGNS

參考 FCOM/DSC-33-30-20 Emergency Lighting

參考 FCOM/DSC-33-40-10 Signs

機(jī)艙增壓 CABIN PRESS

參考 FCOM/DSC-21-20-40 Pressurizition

燃油 FUEL 參考 FCOM/DSC-28-20 Fuel

構(gòu)型I

構(gòu)型II

(部分新飛機(jī)加裝額外中央油箱ACT)

音頻轉(zhuǎn)換 AUDIO SWITCHING

參考 FCOM-DSC-23-10-50 Audio Switching

RMP 參考 FCOM/DSC-23-10-20 Radio Management Panel

ACP 參考 FCOM/DSC-23-10-50 Audio Control Panel

使用原理 FCTM/AOP-10-20-30

頂板的暗艙概念

每個(gè)按鈕都有一盞或兩盞燈:

‐ 上部表示告警或系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)(e.g. FAULT light, OPEN light).

如果無需顯示警告或系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)，兩個(gè)灰點(diǎn)取代燈的位置

‐ 下部對(duì)應(yīng)于:

?在按鈕電門上，對(duì)應(yīng)系統(tǒng)控制的選項(xiàng)(e.g. ON, OFF, OVRD), or

?在按鈕上，對(duì)應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)(e.g. MAN).

如果無需顯示系統(tǒng)控制的選項(xiàng)，兩個(gè)灰點(diǎn)取代燈的位置。

一般的操作規(guī)則是：燈滅原理。系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)備好并適合飛行。

按鈕/按鈕電門燈

顏色編碼的，表示系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài):

‐ Amber:

系統(tǒng)失效

‐ Red:

可能需要立即修正動(dòng)作的失效

‐ Green:

系統(tǒng)工作正常

‐ Blue:

臨時(shí)選擇的系統(tǒng)工作正常

‐ White:

按鈕的不正常位置或著維護(hù)/測試結(jié)果指示

‐ Blank 空的: 該系統(tǒng)適合飛行。

磁羅盤FCOM/DSC-34-NAV-20 Compass

可收放的直讀磁羅盤位于風(fēng)擋以上中間位置

磁差牌置于磁羅盤之上

Note: 由于APU繼電器在駕駛艙中的位置，APU起動(dòng)過程可能干擾磁羅盤讀數(shù)。

目視結(jié)冰指示器 FCOM/DSC-30-70-10 Visual Ice Indicator

An external visual ice indicator is installed between the two windshields. 位于機(jī)身外兩風(fēng)擋之間。

There can be also an external ice detector light 磁羅盤和結(jié)冰指示器燈光使用同一個(gè)頂板電門 參考 FCOM/DSC-33-10-30

遮光板

FCU 參考 FCOM/DSC-22_10-40-20 FCU

其它遮光板指示燈/電門

FCOM/DSC-31-50 EFIS Control Panel & Chronometer

FCOM/DSC-31-30 Attention Getters

FCOM/DSC-27-20-30 SIDE STICK PRIORITY lt

FCOM/DSC-22_30-80-30-10 Autoland Warning Light

FCOM/DSC-46-10-40-10 ATC

主儀表面板顯示

PFD FCOM/DSC-22_10-40-40 Primary Flight Display

FCOM/DSC-31-40 Indications on PFD

FMA 參考 FCOM/DSC-22_30-100 Flight Mode Annunciator

飛行方式信號(hào)牌位于PFD的頂部，顯示自動(dòng)推力的狀態(tài)，AP/FD的垂直和水平方式，進(jìn)近能力以及AP/FD/自動(dòng)推力的接通狀態(tài)。

新的信號(hào)牌出現(xiàn)外圍會(huì)有白框顯示10秒。某些模式轉(zhuǎn)換情形下白框顯示延長到15秒并伴有三下滴答聲。

左邊的三列

第一行以綠色顯示接通的模式。

第二行以藍(lán)色或洋紅色顯示預(yù)位的模式。

洋紅色表示預(yù)位或接通的模式存在限制。

第三行顯示特殊信息

‐ 飛行操縱相關(guān)的信息最優(yōu)先

? 紅色僅俯仰配平閃爍9秒后穩(wěn)定

? 琥珀色使用人工俯仰配平閃爍9秒后穩(wěn)定

‐ FMGS相關(guān)信息次優(yōu)先

THE FOURTH COLUMN

以白色顯示進(jìn)近能力。

以藍(lán)色顯示最低高度。

注：FMA的氣壓或無線電數(shù)值不取整：輸入在MCDU PERF APPR頁面上的精確數(shù)值顯示在FMA上。

THE FIFTH COLUMN 第五列

以白色顯示AP，F(xiàn)D和自動(dòng)推力的接通狀態(tài)。

FMGC自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換在FD外圍顯示10秒的框

當(dāng)自動(dòng)推力預(yù)位而沒有激活以藍(lán)色顯示A/THR。

注：FMGS同步自動(dòng)推力模式，AP/FD模式和進(jìn)近能力在兩部PFD上顯示相同的信息。

中心區(qū)域

特定地面指示

參考 FCOM/DSC-17-20-30 Side Stick Indications On PFD

參考 FCOM/DSC-31-40 Specific Ground Indication

在地面，第一臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)后，兩部PFD上出現(xiàn)白色側(cè)桿位置的指示。

飛機(jī)從地面到空中時(shí)，指示消失。

地面滑跑引導(dǎo)指令桿為綠色，如有航向信標(biāo)臺(tái)信號(hào)，飛機(jī)在地面或空中時(shí)低于無線電高度30ft，顯示該符號(hào)。它顯示飛行指引偏航指令，以保持飛機(jī)處于跑道中心線。

姿態(tài)信息

參考 FCOM/DSC-31-40 Attitude Data

參考 FCOM/DSC-22-30-20 Flight Director

1. Fixed Aircraft Symbol 固定飛機(jī)符號(hào)
2. This symbol is in black, and outlined in yellow. The yellow outline is dimmed if the flight crew selects TRK-FPA, unless the FMA is in TOGA or FLX mode. 符號(hào)為黑色，邊框是黃色，當(dāng)飛行機(jī)組選擇TRK-FPA黃色邊框暗淡，除非FMA在TOGA或FLEX模式。
3. Roll Scale 橫滾刻度
4. This scale is in white, and has markers at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 ° of bank.在坡度0, 10, 20, 30, 和45 °的位置標(biāo)有白色的刻度。
5. Roll Index (yellow) 橫滾指標(biāo)
6. This pointer indicates the bank angle. When the bank angle exceeds 45 °, all the PFD symbols except those for attitude, speed, heading, altitude, and vertical speed, disappear. The display returns to normal when the bank angle decreases below 40 °. 此游標(biāo)指示坡度。當(dāng)坡度超過45 °，PFD上除姿態(tài)，速度，航向，高度和垂直速度以外的其它符號(hào)都消失。當(dāng)坡度減小到低于40°時(shí)顯示恢復(fù)正常。
7. Pitch Scale (white) 俯仰刻度
8. This scale has markers every 10 ° between 80 ° nose up and 80 ° nose down (every 2.5 ° between 10 ° nose down and 30 ° nose up). When pitch angle exceeds 25 ° nose up or 13 ° nose down, all the PFD displays except attitude, speed, speed trend, heading, altitude, and vertical speed disappear. Beyond 30 °, large red arrowheads indicate that the attitude has become excessive and show the direction to move the nose in order to reduce it. The display returns to normal when pitch angle becomes less than 22 ° nose up or 10 ° nose down. 在俯仰角±80°范圍內(nèi)每10°（30°抬頭和10°低頭范圍中間是每2.5°）有個(gè)刻度。當(dāng)俯仰角超出25°抬頭或13°低頭，PFD上除了姿態(tài)，速度，速度趨勢，航向，高度和垂直速度以外的其它顯示消失。超過30°，大紅箭頭表示姿態(tài)過量并指示移動(dòng)機(jī)頭的方向以減少幅度。當(dāng)俯仰角少于22°抬頭或10°低頭顯示恢復(fù)正常。
9. Flight Control Protection Symbols 飛行操縱保護(hù)符號(hào)
10. The display shows these symbols (=) in green:顯示器以綠色呈現(xiàn)(=)符號(hào)
11. ? On the roll scale to mark the bank angle protection availability. 在橫滾刻度上標(biāo)記坡度保護(hù)的可用區(qū)間。
12. ? On the pitch scale at 15 ° nose down or 30 ° nose up to mark the pitch limits. 在俯仰刻度上位于15°抬頭和30°低頭以標(biāo)記俯仰限制。
13. An amber x replaces these symbols if the corresponding protection is lost. 當(dāng)失去對(duì)應(yīng)的保護(hù)，琥珀色的x取代這些符號(hào)。
14. (參考 FCOM/DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - General)
15. Sideslip Index (yellow) 側(cè)滑指標(biāo)
16. This trapezoidal index moves beneath the roll index. On ground, it represents the lateral acceleration of the aircraft. In flight, it shows sideslip (as computed by the FAC). One centimeter of displacement indicates 0.2 g. The sideslip index is against its stop at 0.3 g. 梯形指標(biāo)在橫滾指標(biāo)底下移動(dòng)。在地面上表示飛機(jī)的橫向加速度，飛行中則指示側(cè)滑（由FAC計(jì)算）。1厘米的偏移表示0.2 g。側(cè)滑指標(biāo)在0.3 g 達(dá)到量程極限。

In case of engine failure at takeoff or go around, the sideslip index changes from yellow to blue.在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)失效的起飛和復(fù)飛時(shí)，側(cè)滑指標(biāo)由黃變藍(lán)

In this case, the sideslip index is called β target. 在這種情況下，側(cè)滑指標(biāo)被稱為 β 目標(biāo)。

擦機(jī)尾俯仰限制指示

Tailstrike Pitch Limit 擦機(jī)尾俯仰限制

The pitch limit indicates the maximum pitch attitude to avoid the tailstrike risk at landing. 俯仰限制顯示最大俯仰姿態(tài)以避免著陸擦機(jī)尾。The indication is a fixed value corresponding to the main landing gear compressed. 該指示固定顯示主起落架壓縮時(shí)的限制值。The indication appears at 400 ft radio height. The indication disappears, when there is no longer a risk of tailstrike. 該指示在無線電高度400 ft時(shí)出現(xiàn)直到不存在擦機(jī)尾風(fēng)險(xiǎn)后消失。

無線電高度

A value appears, when the aircraft is lower than 2 500 ft. 當(dāng)飛機(jī)高度低于2500ft時(shí)顯示無線電高度值。

‐ If a DH has been entered, the radio height appears: 輸入過DH后，無線電高度在以下情況出現(xiàn)

? In green, when DH 100 ft < RA < 2 500 ft

? In amber, when RA < DH 100 ft

If “NO” is entered as the DH on the MCDU APPROACH page, 0 ft becomes a default value. 當(dāng)MCDU APPROACH頁面的DH輸?shù)氖恰癗O”時(shí)，0 ft 成為默認(rèn)值。

When the aircraft reaches the decision height selected on the MCDU, DHletters flash amber for 9 s, then remain amber above the radio height indication. 當(dāng)飛機(jī)到達(dá)MCDU預(yù)選的決斷高度，DH在無線電高度指示之上以琥珀色閃爍9秒后保持。

‐ If no DH has been entered, or if both FMGCs fail, the radio height appears:

如果沒有輸入DH或雙FMGC失效，無線電高度以如下方式呈現(xiàn)

? In green, when 400 ft < RA < 2 500 ft

? In amber, when RA ≤ 400 ft

The radio height indication changes every 10 ft down to 50 ft, then every 5 ft down to 10 ft, then every foot. 無線電高度指示每10 ft變動(dòng)一次至下降到50 ft，每5 ft變動(dòng)一次至下降到10 ft，之下每英尺都變動(dòng)。

飛行航徑向量 Flight Path Vector

The Flight Path Vector (FPV) is the flight reference with the TRK and FPA as basic guidance parameters. 飛行航徑向量(FPV)是以TRK和FPA為基本向?qū)?shù)的飛行參考。

The FPV appears on the PFD as a symbol, known as the "bird". The bird indicates the track and flight patch angle in relation to the ground. PFD顯示的FPV符號(hào)也叫“小鳥”。小鳥指示相對(duì)地面的航跡和飛行航徑角。

The track is indicated on the PFD by a green diamond on the compass, in addition to the lateral movement of the bird in relation to the fixed aircraft symbol. PFD羅盤上的◇表示航跡，隨著小鳥相對(duì)固定飛機(jī)符號(hào)的水平運(yùn)動(dòng)。On the ND, the track is indicated by a green diamond on the compass scale. ND羅盤刻度上的◇表示航跡。The difference in angle between track and heading indicates the drift. 航跡和航向之差表示偏流。

The flight path angle is indicated on the PFD by the vertical movement of the bird in relation to the pitch scale. PFD上小鳥相對(duì)垂直刻度的移動(dòng)表示飛行航徑角。

With the flight directors (FD) ON, the Flight Path Director (FPD) replaces the HDG-VS Flight Director (FD). With both FD pb set to OFF, the blue track indexappears on the PFD horizon. 當(dāng)飛行指引(FD)接通時(shí)，飛行航徑指引(FPD)取代HDS-VS飛行指引(FD)。當(dāng)兩個(gè)FD按鈕都位于OFF，藍(lán)色的航徑指標(biāo)顯示在PFD地面線上。

The bird is the flying reference that should be used when flying a stabilized segment of trajectory, In dynamic manoeuvres, the bird is directly affected by the aircraft inertia and has a delayed reaction. As a result, the bird should not be used as a flight reference in dynamic manoeuvres. 小鳥應(yīng)該被用于在穩(wěn)定航段上作為飛行參考，比如非精密進(jìn)近或目視起落。在做機(jī)動(dòng)時(shí)小鳥直接受飛機(jī)慣性的影響有延遲效應(yīng)，所以小鳥不應(yīng)作為機(jī)動(dòng)飛行時(shí)的參考。

FCTM/AS-BIRD

The attitude flight reference should be used for dynamic manoeuvres, for example, take-off or go-around. An action on the sidestick has an immediate effect on the aircraft attitude. The flight crew can monitor this flight reference directly and accurately during these manoeuvres. 姿態(tài)飛行基準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用于動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)動(dòng)飛行，比如，起飛或復(fù)飛。側(cè)桿上的一個(gè)動(dòng)作會(huì)立刻對(duì)飛機(jī)姿態(tài)產(chǎn)生影響。飛行機(jī)組在這些機(jī)動(dòng)飛行中能夠直接并準(zhǔn)確地監(jiān)控飛行基準(zhǔn)。

RELIABILITY 可靠性

The FPV is computed from IRS data, therefore, it is affected by ADIRS errors. An error may be indicated by a small track error, usually of up to ± 2 °. This can be easily determined during the approach.

因?yàn)轱w行軌跡矢量(FPV)由IRS數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算，因此它會(huì)受到ADIRS誤差的影響。這種誤差可由小的航跡誤差指示，通常最大為±2°。在進(jìn)近階段可比較容易確定。

The FPV is also computed from static pressure information. Therefore, the bird must be considered as not reliable, if altitude information is not reliable.

FPV計(jì)算還使用靜壓信息。因此，如果（氣壓）高度信息不可靠，那么小鳥必須被認(rèn)為是不可靠的

PRACTICAL USE OF THE BIRD 小鳥的實(shí)際使用

一般規(guī)則

When using the "bird", the flight crew should first change attitude, and then check the result with reference to the "bird".

當(dāng)使用“小鳥”時(shí)，首先飛行機(jī)組應(yīng)改變姿態(tài)，然后參考“小鳥”來檢查結(jié)果。

WINDSHEAR 風(fēng)切變

FCOM/DSC-22_40-40 Windshear Detection Function

【記憶項(xiàng)目】FCOM/PRO-ABN-SURV [MEM] WINDSHEAR

The windshear detection function is provided by the Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC) in takeoff and approach phase in the following conditions: 風(fēng)切變探測由FAC提供，在以下情況

‐ At takeoff, 3 s after liftoff, up to 1 300 ft RA

‐ At landing, from 1 300 ft RA to 50 ft RA

‐ With at least CONF 1 selected.

The warning consists of:

‐ A visual “WINDSHEAR” red message displayed on both PFDs for a minimum of 15 s. PFD顯示“WINDSHEAR”至少15秒

‐ An aural synthetic voice announcing “WINDSHEAR” three times. 合成音響“WINDSHEAR”三次

W/S AHEAD前方風(fēng)切變

FCOM/DSC-34-SURV-30-30 Predictive Windshear System

【記憶項(xiàng)目】FCOM/PRO-ABN-SURV [MEM] WINDSHEAR AHEAD

1. W/S AHEAD message on the PFD
2. This message is displayed, when the Predictive WindShear system detects windshear ahead of the aircraft. 預(yù)測式風(fēng)切變系統(tǒng)探測飛機(jī)前方的風(fēng)切變，根據(jù)警告級(jí)別在PFD顯示琥珀色或紅色的“W/S AHEAD”
3. The message is in amber or red, depending on the level of the alert.
4. Predictive WindShear area indication
5. PWS SCAN message on the ND

空速 Airspeed

1. Actual Airspeed Reference Line and Scale 實(shí)際空速基準(zhǔn)線及刻度
2. A white scale, on a grey background, moves in front of a fixed yellow reference line (next to a yellow triangle) to indicate airspeed. The minimum airspeed indication is 30 kt. 最小的空速指示是30 kt。
3. Speed Trend (yellow) 速度趨勢
4. This pointer starts at the speed symbol. The tip indicates the speed the aircraft will reach in 10 s, if its acceleration remains constant. 速度變化穩(wěn)定時(shí)，箭頭指示空速在10秒后將要達(dá)到的位置。
5. It also disappears, if the FACs fail. 當(dāng)FAC失效也會(huì)消失。
6. Target Airspeed (magenta or blue) 目標(biāo)速度
7. This symbol gives the target airspeed, or the airspeed corresponding to the target Mach number. 目標(biāo)空速或目標(biāo)馬赫數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的空速。
8. The target airspeed is the airspeed computed by FMGC in managed speed mode (magenta), or the airspeed manually entered on the FCU in selected speed mode (blue). The target speed is indicated by a magentaor blue triangle.FMGC計(jì)算的管理速度，或FCU上手動(dòng)選擇的目標(biāo)速度，以洋紅色或者藍(lán)色三角表示。
9. When the target speed is off the speed scale, its value is displayed as numbers, either above or below the speed scale.當(dāng)目標(biāo)速度超出速度刻度以數(shù)字顯示在速度刻度頂上或底下。
10. Mach Number (green) 馬赫數(shù)
11. It is displayed, when it is greater than0.5. 當(dāng)馬赫數(shù)大于0.5時(shí)顯示
12. Speed Protection (green) 速度保護(hù)
13. This symbol indicates the speed (VMO 6 kt or MMO 0.01) at which overspeed protection becomes active

1. (Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - General). Note: The ECAM displays an "O/SPEED" warning at VMO 4 kt and MMO 0.006.
2. ECON Speed Range (magenta) 經(jīng)濟(jì)速度范圍
3. In descent mode with the ECON/AUTO SPD mode active, these two thick lines replace the selected speed symbol. It shows the upper and lower limits, calculated by the FMGC. 由FMGC計(jì)算，以兩條粗線顯示上下限制，在DES模式并且ECON.AUTO SPD模式激活時(shí)取代選擇速度的符號(hào)。
4. ‐ The upper speed is target speed 20kt, limited to VMAX or VMO -3 kt or MMO -0.006, whichever is lowest. 上限是目標(biāo)速度 20 kt，限制在在VMAX，VMO-3kt或MMO-0.006三者中的最低值之下。
5. If a speed limit or a speed constraint applies, the upper margin is limited to ECON SPD 5 kt. 如果存在速度限制（limit飛機(jī)氣動(dòng)限制，constraint飛行程序限制，自己領(lǐng)會(huì)）上限是ECON SPD 5kt。
6. ‐ The lower speed margin is the target speed -20 kt, limited to green dot, F, S, or VLS, whichever is higher. 下限是目標(biāo)速度 -20kt，限制在綠點(diǎn)速度，F(xiàn)，S，或最小可選速度四者最高值以上。

1. Minimum Selectable Speed (VLS) 最小可選速度
2. The top of the amber strip along the speed scale indicates this speed. It represents the lowest selectable speed providing an appropriate margin to the stall speed. 最小可選速度在失速速度之上提供適當(dāng)?shù)挠喽?Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - High Speed Protection)
3. VLS information is inhibited from touchdown until 10 s after liftoff. VLS信息在接地以后到離地10內(nèi)被抑制。
4. Alpha Protection Speed 迎角保護(hù)速度
5. The top of a black and amber strip along the speed scale indicates this speed. It represents the speed corresponding to the angle of attack at which alpha protection becomes active 表示α保護(hù)被激活時(shí)的迎角所對(duì)應(yīng)的空速(Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - General).
6. It is displayed when in pitch normal law. 俯仰正常法則下顯示。
7. Alpha MAX Speed 最大迎角速度
8. The top of a red strip along the speed scale indicates this speed. It represents the speed corresponding to the maximum angle of attack that the aircraft can attain in pitch normal law 表示飛機(jī)在俯仰正常法則下所能達(dá)到的最大迎角對(duì)應(yīng)的空速(Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - General).
9. It is displayed when in pitch normal law. 俯仰正常法則下顯示。
10. VMAX 最大速度
11. The lower end of a red and black strip along the speed scale defines this speed.
12. It is the lowest of the following: 以下的最低值
13. ‐ VMO or the speed corresponding to MMO
14. ‐ VLE
15. ‐ VFE
16. (Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - High Speed Protection)
17. Stall Warning Speed (VSW) 失速警告速度
18. The top of a red and black strip along the speed scale defines this speed.
19. It is the speed corresponding to the stall warning. 失速警告對(duì)應(yīng)的空速(Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - General).
20. VSW information is inhibited from touchdown until 5 s after liftoff. VSW在接地以后到離地五秒內(nèi)被抑制。
21. It is displayed when operating in pitch alternate or pitch direct law. 在俯仰備用法則或俯仰直接法則下顯示。

1. Decision Speed (V1) 決斷速度
2. This is a blue symbol (numeral one) that the crew manually inserts via the MCDU. When it is off the scale, the upper part of the scale shows it in numbers. 機(jī)組在MCDU手動(dòng)輸入，速度帶符號(hào)為數(shù)字1 ，超出空速帶刻度則以數(shù)字顯示在頂上。
3. It disappears after liftoff 離地后消失(Refer to DSC-22_10-50-50 Other Speeds).
4. Minimum Flap Retraction Speed 最小收襟翼速度
5. This is a green symbol (letter F).
6. It appears when the flap selector is in position 3 or 2. 當(dāng)襟翼手柄位于3或2出現(xiàn)(Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - High Speed Protection).
7. Minimum Slat Retraction Speed 最小收縫翼速度
8. This is a green symbol (letter S).
9. It appears when the flap selector is in position 1. 當(dāng)襟翼手柄位于1時(shí)出現(xiàn)(Refer to DSC-27-20-10-20 Protections - High Speed Protection).
10. VFE NEXT 下一檔襟翼最大速度
11. The VFE next symbol is an amber equal sign showing the VFE corresponding to the next flap lever position. = 表示VFE最大襟翼速度，對(duì)應(yīng)下一檔襟翼手柄位置
12. It appears when the aircraft altitude is below 15 000 ft or 20 000 ft, depending upon the FAC standard 在20000ft出現(xiàn)(Refer to DSC-22_10-50-30 Limit Speeds).
13. Green Dot (Engine-out operating speed in clean configuration) 綠點(diǎn)（光潔形態(tài)單發(fā)操作速度）
14. This green dot appears, when the aircraft is flying in the clean configuration. 光潔形態(tài)下出現(xiàn)○It shows the speed corresponding to the best lift-to-drag ratio. 表示最佳升阻比對(duì)應(yīng)的空速。
15. Rotation speed: (VR) 抬輪速度
16. VR is entered on the PERF takeoff page of the MCDU, and is indicated by a cyan circle. MCDU的PERF takeoff頁面輸入VR，由○表示。
17. This cyan circle is visible during takeoff. ○起飛時(shí)可見
18. Note: V2 is represented by the target speed index during takeoff. V2代表起飛時(shí)的目標(biāo)速度指標(biāo)。
19. V2 is manually inserted by the crew via the MCDU. V2由機(jī)組在MCDU上手工輸入。

【記憶項(xiàng)目】不可靠空速指示 PRO-ABN-NAV [MEM] UNRELIABLE SPEED INDICATION

高度 Altitude

1. Altitude Indication 高度指示
2. This appears both as a white moving scale, and as a green digital readout on a grey background. Small white marks are positioned on the scale against the round values (e.g. 280, 290...). “NEG” appears in the window in white for negative values. The altitude window changes from yellow to amber, if the aircraft deviates from the FCU-selected altitude or flight
3. level. 當(dāng)飛機(jī)偏離FCU上選擇的高度或高度層，高度窗由黃色變?yōu)殓晟?/li>
4. On any approach for which an minimum is entered in the FMGS, the altitude numbers change from green to amber, when the aircraft goes below the minimum. 在FMGS輸入minimum后當(dāng)飛機(jī)下降通過該數(shù)值高度數(shù)字由綠色變?yōu)殓晟?/li>
5. Linear Deviation (green filled circle)
6. This symbol appears next to the altitude corresponding to the theoretical vertical profile computed by the FMGC. It is displayed from the top of descent down to the MAP altitude. FMGC計(jì)算的理論垂直剖面對(duì)應(yīng)的高度以●符號(hào)呈現(xiàn)。從下降頂點(diǎn)之下到復(fù)飛點(diǎn)高度該符號(hào)都顯示。
7. Target Altitude or Selected Flight Level Symbol (blue)目標(biāo)高度或選擇高度層符號(hào)
8. This symbol shows the FCU selected altitude (if QNH or QFE BARO reference is selected) or the selected flight level (if STD BARO reference is selected.)
9. When the FMGC operates in the vertical managed mode, this symbol is magenta if it represents a flight plan altitude constraint that the FMGC will follow. If the target altitude or flight level is on the scale, the symbol is displayed and the numerical value appears inside the symbol. 垂直管理方式當(dāng)存在高度限制，符號(hào)為洋紅色。
10. If it is off the scale, the symbol is not displayed, and the numerical value appears above or underneath the scale. 超出刻度范圍，符號(hào)以數(shù)值顯示在刻度帶頂上或底下。
11. Barometric Reference 氣壓基準(zhǔn)
12. The display shows “STD” or it shows “QNH” or "QFE" and the numerical setting in hectoPascals or inches of mercury.
13. It pulses when the selection made by the flight crew is not correct (STD not selected above transition altitude in climb or STD still selected in approach below transition level). 過渡高度以上未選STD或過渡高度層以下仍選STD會(huì)閃爍。

Metric Altitude Indication 米制高度顯示

1. Target altitude or selected flight level (magenta or blue)meters.米制顯示所選高度
2. Altitude indication (green) in meters. 米制顯示飛機(jī)當(dāng)前實(shí)際高度

進(jìn)近Minimum指示

Approach minimum is displayed on the altitude scale by an amber indication.在高度刻度上以琥珀色指示。

1. Radio Height 無線電高度
2. Landing Elevation (brown) 著陸標(biāo)高
3. The top of the brown surface on the altitude scale represents the landing elevation at the flight-planned destination. 棕色區(qū)域的頂端在高度表刻度上表示飛行計(jì)劃目的地機(jī)場著陸標(biāo)高。
4. It is displayed:
5. ‐ during flight phases 7 and 8 and
6. ‐ if the STD reference mode is not selected. 沒有選擇STD模式
7. Ground reference 地面基準(zhǔn)
8. A red ribbon on the right of the altitude scale represents the field elevation. This ribbon, which is driven by the radio altimeter signal, is displayed below 570 ft. 高度刻度右邊的紅帶表示無線電高度表對(duì)應(yīng)的機(jī)場標(biāo)高，在570ft以下顯示。

垂直速度 Vertical Speed

The displayed vertical speed information is normally based on both inertial and barometric data. 垂直速度顯示基于慣性和氣壓數(shù)據(jù)合成。If inertial data is not available, it is automatically replaced by barometric information. 當(dāng)慣性數(shù)據(jù)不可用，自動(dòng)由氣壓信息代替。

In this case, the window around the numerical value becomes amber.這種情況包圍數(shù)值的窗口顯示琥珀色。

1. Analog pointer 模擬指針
2. This pointer, which is normally in green, points to a white vertical speed scale, displayed on a grey background
3. Digital indication 數(shù)字指示
4. This number, normally in green, is the vertical speed in hundreds of feet per minute. 數(shù)字單位是100ft/min。It disappears, if the vertical speed is less than 200 ft/min. 垂直速度小于200ft/min時(shí)消失
5. The analog pointer and the digital indication become amber, if:
6. ? V/S is greater than 6 000 ft/min, (climb or descent)
7. ? V/S is greater than 2 000 ft/min, during descent when 1 000 ft < RA < 2 500 ft, or
8. ? V/S is greater than 1 200 ft/min, during descent and RA < 1 000 ft.

TCAS RA FCOM/DSC-34-SURV-60-20

FCOM/PRO-ABN-SURV [MEM] TCAS WARNINGS

Red area 紅區(qū)

Indicates the vertical speed range, when there is a high risk of conflict. 沖突風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高的垂直速度區(qū)間

Green area 綠區(qū)

Indicates the recommended vertical speed range. It is wider than the red area. 推薦的垂直速度區(qū)間，比紅區(qū)要寬

TCAS message

Appears in amber provided that the TCAS is not in standby, when the TCAS cannot deliver RA data, or in case of an internal TCAS failure. TCAS無法提供RA信息或內(nèi)部失效，顯示“TCAS”

航向 Heading

1. Heading Reference Line and Scale
2. A white scale on a grey background moves in front of a fixed yellow reference line to indicate the actual magnetic heading. 通常指示實(shí)際的磁航向
3. “TRUE” appears, when the display indicates the true heading, rather than the magnetic heading (latitude above 73 ° North or below 60 ° South). 當(dāng)出現(xiàn)“TRUE”則顯示真航向。
4. Selected Heading or Track Index (blue)
5. This pointer is in blue, and indicates the heading or track displayed on the FCU HDG-TRK window. 同步顯示FCU HDG-TRK窗口。
6. If the FD pushbutton is OFF, a second heading/track symbol appears on the horizon line, and markers are displayed every 10 °. 當(dāng)FD按鈕處于OFF，第二個(gè)航向/航跡符號(hào)出現(xiàn)在地平線上，每10°顯示一個(gè)標(biāo)記。
7. Actual Track Symbol 實(shí)際航跡符號(hào)
8. This symbol is a small green diamond. 標(biāo)志是◇

PFD顯示的故障旗和信息

參考 FCOM/DSC-31-40 Flags and Messages Displayed on PFD

備用速度/高度帶 BUSS

The BUSS is displayed on both PFDs when the flight crew turn off all ADRs. 當(dāng)飛行機(jī)組關(guān)閉所有ADR后BUSS顯示在兩部PFD上。

The activation of this BUSS is not reversible. 啟用BUSS是不可逆的

The BUSS information is based on the angle of attack (AOA), and depends on the slat/flap configuration. BUSS信息基于迎角，并且參考襟縫翼構(gòu)型。

備用速度帶 Backup Speed Scale

1. Red FAST area
2. Amber FAST area
3. Green area
4. Target speed (green triangle)
5. Actual speed reference (yellow line)
6. Amber SLOW area
7. Red SLOW area

備用高度帶 Backup Altitude Scale

1. Current GPS altitude 當(dāng)前GPS高度
2. GPS ALT flag
3. 路過

   雷人

   握手

   鮮花

   雞蛋